0000001842 00000 n trailer <<9A373619961447ACB624A54F60D634F1>]/Prev 388059/XRefStm 980>> startxref 0 %%EOF 258 0 obj <>stream WebDenominations Since the Reformation As Christians in 2018, have you ever wondered where all these different denominations came from? 2))*1 ees] '>\i7s"xn `jd3 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. In terms of theology, most of them were Calvinists.Although they did not desire to separate from the Church of England, some Puritans saw emigrating to New England as their best chance at true reform of the church and freedom to worship as they chose. Martin Luthers understanding of faith departed from the prevailing Catholic belief system in many ways: he believed that salvation is a gift God alone grants to sinners who passively affirm their faith in Christ, rather than something a sinner can actively obtain through the performance of good works; that the Eucharist is a sacrament that undergoes consubstantiation as opposed to transubstantiation; and that the church is an egalitarian priesthood of all believers and not hierarchically divided between laity and clergy. C \`H?p$Pp0Cj8YnnRN]v}Jky6Pq~ejm>az9%ZZ}=it{r}JyEplxX-oV[o{_[n{;5cs|xj>yy@NB)z d^s}L cR TA. Martin Luther, (born November 10, 1483, Eisleben, Saxony [now in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany]died February 18, 1546, Eisleben), German theologian and religious reformer who was the catalyst of the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. What reforms did Luther seek? His 95 Theses, which propounded two central beliefs that the Bible is the central religious authority and that humans may reach salvation only by their faith and not by their deeds was to spark the Protestant Reformation. Among them were Martin Eisengrein (1535-1578) and Johann Jakob Rabus (1545-c.1585). endobj 1483d. endstream endobj 236 0 obj<> endobj 237 0 obj<> endobj 238 0 obj<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]>>/Type/Page>> endobj 239 0 obj[240 0 R] endobj 240 0 obj<>/A<>/Border[0 0 0]>> endobj 241 0 obj<> endobj 242 0 obj<>stream {P\\1 $=V0IK8Pjy@Rb[*Xy8bMk`+O=eiDRJ }~?DI| Gp`I>f among them is this Martin Luther that can be your partner. The five solas were not exactly Reformation slogans, but they serve as a good summary of the Reformed faith. Updates? That is, between the Word of God which commands sinners to do what they cannot do; and, therefore condemns them, and the Word of God which promises Grace to sinners and gives what it promises? 0000002218 00000 n Lutheranism now has over 65 million adherents. Parents wanted him to be a _____, became a _____ and _____ instead ii. Dated October 31, 1517, Luthers letter to his superiors did include copies of the theses. 0000003883 00000 n Omissions? 0000025640 00000 n nmf4P}E" \^F^W~$7yQ"#8#//M=a$(8,"H.e(e-)yEsbCQ $lF,=('3#e9xc##v>Q!l{2 _Si!"y Hans worked in the mining industry, even owning a few copper mines, but he wanted something better for his son. $L7^$hjgEbmRJFr"Jh(p)-CT*ecyL4Sk*>8.. Download Martin Luther The Man And His Work full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. He celebrated his first mass in May 1507 with a great deal of fear and trembling, according to his own recollection. The Five Protestant Reformations #1. Luther was celebrated by Protestants and lamented by Roman Catholics. The years after his death monarchs struggle to define the church. Many bishops, nuns, and priests had already been trying to reform the church from His rhetoric was appropriated by people seeking other types of social reform, such as peasants during the Peasants War (152425). . 0000025745 00000 n endobj He died in 1546 as the modern world was emerging, and much of those changes had to do with Luther himself. endstream endobj 21 0 obj <>stream Legend says Martin Luther was inspired to launch the Protestant Reformation while seated comfortably on the chamber pot. Three years later he was awarded the masters degree. But his actions had already set the Reformation in motion, which would introduce new religious, political, and economic trajectories to Europe and the world. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. WebRather than enjoying a good PDF following a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled in imitation of some harmful virus inside their computer. ) Luthers new monastic life conformed to the commitment that countless men and women had made through the centuriesan existence devoted to an interweaving of daily work and worship. trailer << /Size 130 /Info 91 0 R /Root 98 0 R /Prev 215268 /ID[<0c7782b3b1565f81110358523d63867b><17b60cfb6ab11b7d41a2cf0cc0352edf>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 98 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 94 0 R /Metadata 92 0 R >> endobj 128 0 obj << /S 493 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 129 0 R >> stream 453 Copy quote. Just invest little period to gate this on-line message Guided Luther Leads The Reformation Answer Pdf as without diculty as evaluation them wherever you are now. The Early Years. Amidst calls for revolution, liberation, and social justice, Luthers apparent alliance with the princes against the peasants WebDownload Luther Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle. Martin Luthers teachings had consequences for Western civilization beyond just spawning a new Christian movement. WebWe find the money for Martin Luther and numerous book collections from fictions to scientific research in any way. Luther argued against the practice of buying or earning forgiveness, believing instead that salvation is a gift God gives to those who have faith.Luther's objections to the indulgence system paved the way for other challenges to the Catholic doctrine throughout Europe. His studies gave him a thorough exposure to Scholasticism; many years later, he spoke of Aristotle and William of Ockham as his teachers., Having graduated from the arts faculty, Luther was eligible to pursue graduate work in one of the three higher disciplineslaw, medicine, or theology. b3zQjn#{i!oPkD|A_np(_z_-AKR/X#$Mm -+4+B("iU,X%iCf/bgCm2OK!BuGzF"? among them is this Martin Luther that can be your partner. 0000094614 00000 n Johannes Gutenbergs invention allowed the - faith can not be bought it only can be given by God.-Pints out a separation of Church and . 0000071517 00000 n If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. h>B#F3={|="zqN/m"@"{n+FF1g%n1zb2%(GUFxO'dC 0000096515 00000 n WebMartin Luther versus the Church Almost overnight, and with the new development of the printing press, copies of Luthers 95 Theses were printed and distributed across Europe, Luther then unabashedly petitioned the Erfurt faculty to confer the degrees. . Luther was stream The Reformations unintended consequence of modern individual freedom has positives and negatives, he explained. Faith, Christian, Becoming. What implications did Martin Luthers work have for realms other than the religious? Although people benefit from individual freedoms that were not available 500 years ago, these freedoms have also led, for instance, to the right for someone to purchase whatever they want without regard for the needs of anyone 0000001983 00000 n x}xKw Bks@ $dUzm?{,Y%oE9o2of=s3NCa/o <>>> - Where Henry the 8th didnt believe in Protestant. Because the university at Wittenberg was new (it was founded in 1502), its degree requirements were fairly lenient. 0000001818 00000 n Yet the Reformation continued throughout Luthers life and beyond; in fact, we hope it is continuing still today. The three volumes present the current state of international research on Martin Luthers life and work and the Reformation's manifold influences on history, churches, politics, culture, philosophy, arts and society up to the 21st century. WebReformation, also called Protestant Reformation, the religious revolution that took place in the Western church in the 16th century. H\UtW97J"^7nA4A*&zfI$! 0000029932 00000 n It resulted in the creation of a branch of Christianity called Protestantism, a name used collectively to refer to the many religious groups that separated from the Roman Catholic Church due to differences in doctrine.The Protestant Reformation began in Wittenberg, Germany, on October 31, 1517, when Martin Luther, a teacher and a monk, published a document he called Disputation on the Power of Indulgences, or 95 Theses. 0000001933 00000 n ^AiJ;?]|WeDImo"? << /Type /XRef /Length 81 /Filter /FlateDecode /DecodeParms << /Columns 4 /Predictor 12 >> /W [ 1 2 1 ] /Index [ 16 42 ] /Info 35 0 R /Root 18 0 R /Size 58 /Prev 600681 /ID [] >> . At issue was a papal decree by Pope Julius II that had administratively merged the observant and the nonobservant houses of the order. - All baptized Christians already had a relationship with God and did, Henry VIII formally insisted the English reformation an piles England. 2 0 obj WebLife and Times of Martin Luther of Saint Martin Luther Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders, And with all deceivableness The Reformation began in Germany in 1517 because an Augustinian monk named Martin Luther, who lived in Germany, wrote "95 Theses" protesting the Pope's selling indulgences. He was only initially trying to bring about change within the church, but the Catholic Church excommunicated him in 1521, spurring him to have the Bible translated into German. Because Luther was very outspoken about his 8p] V8]0A|Wa. Luther burned the letter in public. The Reformation to the Present Day. zo+$S"fX+/f6;?kTYO]'BvNj05PA%*n>N%[b]O}BFo-_Qu-E|E4)K|Oq$QqCo%d:HN;LGqu[ 0000072100 00000 n - Martin Luther (1483-1546) had an issue with this - He said that it was a gross violation. (z}Wr1P4ZK After only a year of study, Luther had completed the requirements not only for the baccalaureate in Bible but also for the next-higher theological degree, that of Sententiarius, which would qualify him to teach Peter Lombards Four Books of Sentences (Sententiarum libri IV), the standard theological textbook of the time. endobj 0000030964 00000 n There are few sources of information about Martin Luthers childhood apart from his recollections as an old man; understandably, they seem to be coloured by a certain romantic nostalgia. H\n0z 0000000980 00000 n There was no separation since it was the same person. His translation of the Bible into the vernacular came to bear heavily on the development of the German language. << /Pages 45 0 R /Type /Catalog >> Luthers father was understandably angry with him for abandoning a prestigious and lucrative career in law in favour of the monastery. 0000072078 00000 n To some sixteenth century !xGV0M3TNuM.VbPXX2J;*/1ky~|; u)C{p59#'=aQ!0@dsk9r:q5syy:?q HJ,e(=\hh5x To understand the rapid spread of Luthers ideas, a brief account of the role that the Church played in Medieval society is necessary. WebNew England The Protestant reformation Indulgences - Sin could be forgiven by the purchase of things! 18 0 obj While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. 0000030307 00000 n %%EOF WebMartin Luther (1483 - 1546) Martin Luther was a German monk and teacher of theology (religion). Scholars have scrutinized Luthers lecture notes for hints of a developing new theology, but the results have been inconclusive. In 1507 he began the study of theology at the University of Erfurt. Within less than four years, the Catholic Church would brand Luther a heretic, and the Holy Roman Empire would condemn him as an outlaw. These were the early years of the Protestant Reformation, a turning point in history that would transform not only the Christian faith, but also the politics and society of all of Europe. Introduction. He was born in 1483, into a world that was medieval. They called this the English Separatist Church.Around 1607 or 1609, some of the separatists tried to start the new lives they imagined in Holland, in the Netherlands. -Taxes that was once payed to the church is now paid to Henry. Subsequently, King Henry rejected the Pope's authority, instead creating and assuming authority over the Church of England, a sort of hybrid church that combined some Catholic doctrine and some Protestant ideals. Just invest little period to gate this on-line message Guided Luther Leads The Reformation Answer Pdf as without diculty as evaluation them wherever 0000025839 00000 n 0000003054 00000 n In 1501 he matriculated at the University of Erfurt, at the time one of the most distinguished universities in Germany. 0000001602 00000 n 0000001680 00000 n 0000006514 00000 n %PDF-1.6 % cp00tt0pt) "E33F R2=:]@P@tP sC bEp>1gd{'&)Ezw'2,_jk8S"%^7D. Written by one of the world's greatest authorities on Martin Luther, this is the definitive biography of the central figure of the The work is initiated by the Fondazione per le scienze religiose Giovanni XXIII (Bologna) in Web8Ernst W. Zeeden, Martin Luther und die Reformation im Urteil des deutschen Luthertums (2 vols. Equally predictable, throughout history this diversity has led to disagreements.However, this diversity of religious thought has also become a core part of the identity of the United States: The Bill of Rights explicitly forbids "establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. Over 400 years in the making, this belief in personal empowerment and independence in religious matters, with its roots in the Protestant Reformation, has become an enduring part of the American mindset. . The matriculation records describe him as in habendo, meaning that he was ineligible for financial aid, an indirect testimonial to the financial success of his father. endobj Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Where and when did the Reformation start? The Reformation is said to have begun when Martin Luther posted his Ninety-five Theses on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg , Germany, on October 31, 1517. <> 235 23 Transferred to the Augustinian monastery at Wittenberg in the fall of 1508, he continued his studies at the university there. H$X3r$U SR'-g`bT|2n Luther demanded reform of the Church. You cannot download interactives. Luther Challenges the Church a. Martin Luther i. 0000003226 00000 n Less than six weeks later, however, on July 17, 1505, Luther abandoned the study of law and entered the monastery in Erfurt of the Order of the Hermits of St. Augustine, a mendicant order founded in 1256. The death of their daughter Magdalene affected Luther profoundly, and that lossalong with the death of a close friend of his not long beforemay explain the fixation on death that characterizes his later writings. %PDF-1.4 % He is one of the most influential figures in the history of Christianity. Because his vow was clearly made under duress, Luther could easily have ignored it; the fact that he did not indicates that the thunderstorm experience was only a catalyst for much deeper motivations. Author of. celibacy: Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. 0000095507 00000 n 6R09`*9A@iA6 - If you have questions about licensing content on this page, please contact ngimagecollection@natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license. WebMartin Luthers Reformation The powerful and mighty Spirit of God began the Reformation through a humble German miners son named Martin Luther. ?7q2l[Sr#Z:}ZN7b&Xb1[#F v_{g;;> stream % de00(i (700274, $ He led a strict life, but was worried about sin. A brilliant account of Luthers evolution as a man, a thinker, and a Christian. 0000073045 00000 n 0000025675 00000 n << /Contents 21 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Parent 45 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /G3 36 0 R /G9 42 0 R >> /Font << /F10 43 0 R /F4 37 0 R /F5 38 0 R /F6 39 0 R /F7 40 0 R /F8 41 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] >> /StructParents 0 /Type /Page >> Luther lived very large. NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER Metaxas is a scrupulous chronicler and has an eye for a good story. Martin Eisengrein Like most members of the first generation of Counter-Reformation propagandists, Eisengrein was a convert. Luther began his education at a Latin school in Mansfeld in the spring of 1488. - Martin Luther (1483-1546) had an issue with this - He said that it was a gross violation. 0000094592 00000 n <> If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. 2373 Words10 Pages. Please select which sections you would like to print: Professor Emeritus of History and Religion, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. 0000030607 00000 n The three volumes present the current state of international research on Martin Luthers life and work and the Reformation's manifold influences on history, endobj Luthers comments in later years suggest that the mission made a profoundly negative impression on him: he found in Rome a lack of spirituality at the very heart of Western Christendom. 0000001346 00000 n National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. His translation of the Bible into German vernacular lessened the laitys dependence on what he saw as a predatory ecclesiastical authority. Martin Luther saw mamy problems with the Catholic Church such as selling indulgences. B!Yd$|E1w3;fz>*{SQOSAVRUE>nU.h ZSS=7@x53~.Q >_KBg#78|z05VqMkiT$(V8W&(S5d9OxO?gLTUhh4BZ & e`GqA7AJLRkU9cqe&T>7Z_ct0M;tozhavJ(L_,^%ukkHCS0%]pNQ}?F\A7i49/;7z6.qtDiRz/Fk/utFHWq_.2zQX!eO+%,BrDTfx ]y0{ BG+RXSJ 3 0 obj Martin Luther, a 16th-century monk and theologian, was one of the most significant figures in Christian history. WebThe first histories of Martin Luther and the Reformation, those written during the confessional age (15171648), belong to the genre of sacral or confessional history. T(+Pb(4(V4c`Vzs*W",%fE)Jkst@u+AIm$z" j1; )NTs6ui&5. WebRather than enjoying a good PDF following a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled in imitation of some harmful virus inside their computer. The three volumes present the current state of international research on Martin Luthers life and work and the Reformation's manifold influences on history, churches, politics, culture, philosophy, arts and society up to the 21st century. The work is initiated by the Fondazione per le scienze religiose Giovanni XXIII (Bologna) in Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Some of Luthers Criticisms of the Church: Indulgences: Paying for Forgiveness o Pardoners, with permission from the Pope, travelled all across The Reformation: Germany and Lutheranism Martin Luther (1483-1546) was an Augustinian monk and university lecturer in Wittenberg when he composed his 95 endobj 0000025977 00000 n << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 2750 >> Martin Luther. being told that they could buy their salvation. Martin Luther became a key figure in the Reformation through the invention of the printing press in the late 13th century. Lutheranisms tenetsat odds with many aspects of Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxyinclude the rejection of the hierarchical split between clergy and laity, in favor of Scripture as the ultimate authority in matters of faith (sola scriptura); the recognition of only two of the seven traditionally recognized sacraments, namely baptism and the Eucharist; and the understanding that sinners are saved solely by Gods grace (sola gratia), by way of their faith in Christ (sola fide). 1546) to the story of the Reformation. cSjIxs7l2mM7v}5kpq ycv\&!Q^]v._AJ~ %FsHr+/92$JIdRuh#5=M#Lh>fK}Z~R6rGr#vFi%f"il5sO'DJ#KXymVHi;51bj_ 5O [2 xc```b``.``a`cf0$rQA@D+y07ptM_}IX1 ?30hh SI .Y! Luther read the writings of early Christian theologians, including St. Augustine, and the Bible. His request, though unusual, was altogether proper, and in the end it was granted. 0000017824 00000 n Webfurther concern to read. Faith, Truth, Cost. The monastery Luther joined in Erfurt was part of the strict, observant faction. \rG/Ke 7QU8q]TcVHLIfM^rkoHP*OE}AFADA" W FI?DL2]NnBv(pF^E=2$qG,fuS\z. endstream endobj 243 0 obj<> endobj 244 0 obj<> endobj 245 0 obj(S P\r'y) endobj 246 0 obj<>stream `1CW?dF3&o be d8? 0000001159 00000 n Show me where a man spends his time & money, and I'll show you his god. hb```b``^AX7350]E$YAV o '%zmvKy]l&xE&-rvy/Hl2` $B#: $l NCZZZG@uHM I]:cS?7Gn0`a; q @CJ q$ His daily activities were structured around the monastic rule and the observance of the canonical hours, which began at 2:00 in the morning. Luther, WA 30/2.68. Luthers monumental faith and courage gave birth to the ideals of liberty, equality, and individualism that today lie at the heart of all modern life. In 1521 Luther was summoned to the Diet Of Worms by the Emperor Charles V to discuss the situation. WebMartin Luther Was an Advocate for Education Reform In his quest to help Christians read and understand Scripture for themselves, Luther favored compulsory education for all. - Martin Luther (1483-1546) had an issue with this - He said that it Religion, Social Studies, Civics, U.S. History, World History. The mission proved to be unsuccessful, however, because the popes mind was already made up. Protestantism begins with Martin Luthers theology, which is based on the distinction between Law and Gospel. It is indicative of Luthers emerging role in his order that he was chosen, along with a monastic brother from Nrnberg, to make the case for the observant houses in their appeal of the ruling to the pope. endobj But Luther would not settle for the anonymous and routine existence of a monk. Condemned as a heretic by Pope Leo X, Martin Luther defended his beliefs at the Diet of Worms, an imperial assembly held in April 1521. The Reformation began on October 31, 1517, when German monk Saint Martin Luther nailed his 95 If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. These citizens fell into two groups, both labeled Puritans by their opponents. Webiniquity of that land in one day" (Zechariah 3:9, Apocalypse 4:5, 5:6). Best Known For: Martin Luther was a German monk who forever changed Christianity when he nailed his '95 Theses' to a church door in 1517, sparking the /// >~]OQyiB2/#\sPi:07#mzHr,x(A 73 [Gk AfD{a#spi]O~+ 0{WahDG)w&(R 22m"hxYVu .! JFIF d d Ducky P Adobe d 0000006479 00000 n Its greatest leaders undoubtedly were Martin Luther took the customary course in the liberal arts and received the baccalaureate degree in 1502. A biography of the German monk who led the Protestant Reformation in Europe from its beginning in 1517 until his death in 1546. How I Survived CRNA School and You Can Too. Luther took particular issue with the selling of indulgences which, put simply, allowed sinners to buy their way to heaven. WebPeace if possible, truth at all costs. WebReformation must be assessed in terms of the rise of the modern nation-state, an interpretation advanced forcefully by Leopold von Ranke, and second, the opposite view that there is a continuity "from Luther to Hitler" that retrospectively condemns the age of WebWe find the money for Martin Luther and numerous book collections from fictions to scientific research in any way. . WebManage Classes & Assignments. Proudly he purchased a copy of the Corpus Juris Canonici (Corpus of Canon Law), the collection of ecclesiastical law texts, and other important legal textbooks. WebThe Reformation began in 1517, when a young Augustinian monk, Martin Luther (1483-1546), condemned the practices of the Catholic Church as corrupt and an abuse of administrative power. And that Christians were being told that they could buy their salvation. How Much Do You Know About German History? What was radical about Martin Luthers teachings? determine net income for an accounting period An accrued item is an item of, those who interact with it much more punitively than needed Not only does, Expand bank services to semi urban and rural areas Bank outlets and services are, Project 2 Experience 1 Planning an experience for a child involving sustainable, individual with disabilities rights 2019.docx, English 101 fall 2021 Syllabus Weekly Assignments.docx, d Dual Aspect Concept The assets represent economic resources of the business, Kausthubh Nandimandalam - 6.4- Supply and Demand - shifts.pdf, Erection of fencing gate external fireplace and chimney and covered area Part, 7 The author implies that the normalizing images we are surrounded with have the, However prices in the public markets are more prone to market sentiments Both, In the adult an inflated ET tube cuff is necessary for mechanical ventilation. believed in Catholic beliefs during this and for the rest of his life. Martin Luther did have a family, which reflects one of the radical aspects of his interpretation of Christianity: that he, even as an ordained priest, could marry and have sex. Soon after his return Luther transferred to the Wittenberg monastery to finish his studies at the university there. "o[5uQ[05QQ..} +t(RzKp\D1DNXeuq?IlU Gw}ga^KQWyOJ4+O"%LB;Qx 8bBR62o)^L)}iS'IRWYFQX F-v>fh_!if6r9*q1rkroKnDcL%I3(&io2pf\wBo UTh/zuE}highmK-Aum@AqlY.l`MLh{G1,u {|A?;h/%9CZWQ/DtzZr\Gnh[6J^Vt."46&:*r!CDREs~i_\- 1VQ*QQN`(J"waw4NH;Y[Ps:iH+B]rj5eT5&TWr ^|=\KHZB8 He troubled about the possibility of not going to heaven. among them is this Martin Luther that can be your stream 0000095485 00000 n From all accounts Luther was a stimulating lecturer. Martin Luther, a 16th-century monk and theologian, was one of the most significant figures in Christian history. ]&;dsr_UZ/\u[eVu^wm;f]YSfD|#}|"qwF1k8&D12RHbLnyV|P=\^YL'N. Vol. 0000030942 00000 n Those who set sail aboard the Mayflower for New England and eventually landed near Plymouth, Massachusetts, would, in time, become known as the Pilgrims.The other group of English citizens who did not believe Queen Elizabeth's reform efforts went far enough were called nonseparatists; over time, the term "Puritan" would become synonymous with the nonseparatists. In the fall of 1506, he was fully admitted to the order and began to prepare for his ordination to the priesthood. His denunciation of the Catholic churchs doctrine and practices triggered a series of proceedings that culminated in the Edict of Worms, a document that proclaimed him a heretic and declared war on Protestantism. : Professor Emeritus of martin luther reformation pdf and Religion, Duke university, Durham North... To exclusive content Reformed faith began the study of theology at the university at Wittenberg was new it. 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